Basic knowledge of generator set
2021-10-15
Generator Set
Generally, our common generator sets are usually driven by steam turbines, water turbines or internal combustion engines (gasoline engines, diesel engines, etc.), and the renewable new energy in recent years includes nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, marine energy, etc.
Due to the large capacity of the diesel generator set, it can operate in parallel and continuously supply power for a long time. It can also operate independently. It does not operate in parallel with the regional power grid and is not affected by the power grid fault. It has high reliability.
Especially when the common mains power in some areas is not very reliable, taking the diesel generator set as the standby power supply can not only play the role of emergency power supply, but also use some usually important loads in case of power failure through the reasonable optimization of low-voltage system. Therefore, it is widely used in the project. The basic principles and structural forms of common generator sets are introduced below.
Diesel generator set
The diesel engine drives the generator to convert the energy of diesel into electric energy. According to different purposes, it can be divided into land diesel generator set and marine diesel generator set; According to different brands, it can be divided into domestic diesel generator sets and imported diesel generator sets; According to different speeds, it can be divided into low-speed generator set and high-speed generator set.
Basic principles
The diesel engine drives the generator to convert the energy of diesel into electric energy.
In the cylinder of the diesel engine, the clean air filtered by the air filter is fully mixed with the high-pressure atomized diesel injected by the fuel injection nozzle. Under the upward extrusion of the piston, the volume is reduced and the temperature rises rapidly to reach the ignition point of the diesel.
Diesel is ignited, the mixed gas burns violently, the volume expands rapidly, and pushes the piston down, which is called "work".
Each cylinder works sequentially in a certain order, and the thrust acting on the piston becomes the force to push the crankshaft through the connecting rod, so as to drive the crankshaft to rotate.
When the brushless synchronous alternator is installed coaxially with the crankshaft of the diesel engine, the rotation of the diesel engine can be used to drive the rotor of the generator. Using the principle of "electromagnetic induction", the generator will output the induced electromotive force and generate current through the closed load circuit.
Only the most basic working principle of the generator set is described here. In order to obtain usable and stable power output, a series of diesel engine and generator control, protection devices and circuits are also needed.
structural analysis
An ordinary diesel generator set is mainly composed of diesel engine, generator and control system. There are two connection modes between diesel engine and generator. One is flexible connection, that is, connect the two parts with a coupling; The second is rigid connection, which is formed by connecting the rigid connecting piece of the generator with the flywheel plate of the diesel engine with high-strength bolts.
At present, more diesel generator sets in the market use rigid connection. After the diesel engine and generator are connected, they are installed on the common underframe, and then equipped with various protective sensors, such as water temperature sensor.
Through these sensors, the operating status of the diesel engine is visually displayed to the operator, and with these sensors, an upper limit can be set. When the limit value is reached or exceeded, the control system will give an alarm in advance.
At this time, if the operator does not take measures, the control system will automatically stop the unit. The diesel generator set takes this way to protect itself.
The sensor receives and feeds back various information. It is the control system of diesel generator set that really displays these data and performs the protection function.
The control panel is generally installed on the generator, which is called backpack control panel, and some are independent. A panel is placed in the operation room, which is called split control panel.
The control panel is connected with the generator and sensor through cable to display electrical parameters and diesel engine operating parameters respectively. In addition, the generator set also has chassis, coupling, radiator and fuel tank, and some are also equipped with muffler and housing.
Generally, our common generator sets are usually driven by steam turbines, water turbines or internal combustion engines (gasoline engines, diesel engines, etc.), and the renewable new energy in recent years includes nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, marine energy, etc.
Due to the large capacity of the diesel generator set, it can operate in parallel and continuously supply power for a long time. It can also operate independently. It does not operate in parallel with the regional power grid and is not affected by the power grid fault. It has high reliability.
Especially when the common mains power in some areas is not very reliable, taking the diesel generator set as the standby power supply can not only play the role of emergency power supply, but also use some usually important loads in case of power failure through the reasonable optimization of low-voltage system. Therefore, it is widely used in the project. The basic principles and structural forms of common generator sets are introduced below.
Diesel generator set
The diesel engine drives the generator to convert the energy of diesel into electric energy. According to different purposes, it can be divided into land diesel generator set and marine diesel generator set; According to different brands, it can be divided into domestic diesel generator sets and imported diesel generator sets; According to different speeds, it can be divided into low-speed generator set and high-speed generator set.
Basic principles
The diesel engine drives the generator to convert the energy of diesel into electric energy.
In the cylinder of the diesel engine, the clean air filtered by the air filter is fully mixed with the high-pressure atomized diesel injected by the fuel injection nozzle. Under the upward extrusion of the piston, the volume is reduced and the temperature rises rapidly to reach the ignition point of the diesel.
Diesel is ignited, the mixed gas burns violently, the volume expands rapidly, and pushes the piston down, which is called "work".
Each cylinder works sequentially in a certain order, and the thrust acting on the piston becomes the force to push the crankshaft through the connecting rod, so as to drive the crankshaft to rotate.
When the brushless synchronous alternator is installed coaxially with the crankshaft of the diesel engine, the rotation of the diesel engine can be used to drive the rotor of the generator. Using the principle of "electromagnetic induction", the generator will output the induced electromotive force and generate current through the closed load circuit.
Only the most basic working principle of the generator set is described here. In order to obtain usable and stable power output, a series of diesel engine and generator control, protection devices and circuits are also needed.
structural analysis
An ordinary diesel generator set is mainly composed of diesel engine, generator and control system. There are two connection modes between diesel engine and generator. One is flexible connection, that is, connect the two parts with a coupling; The second is rigid connection, which is formed by connecting the rigid connecting piece of the generator with the flywheel plate of the diesel engine with high-strength bolts.
At present, more diesel generator sets in the market use rigid connection. After the diesel engine and generator are connected, they are installed on the common underframe, and then equipped with various protective sensors, such as water temperature sensor.
Through these sensors, the operating status of the diesel engine is visually displayed to the operator, and with these sensors, an upper limit can be set. When the limit value is reached or exceeded, the control system will give an alarm in advance.
At this time, if the operator does not take measures, the control system will automatically stop the unit. The diesel generator set takes this way to protect itself.
The sensor receives and feeds back various information. It is the control system of diesel generator set that really displays these data and performs the protection function.
The control panel is generally installed on the generator, which is called backpack control panel, and some are independent. A panel is placed in the operation room, which is called split control panel.
The control panel is connected with the generator and sensor through cable to display electrical parameters and diesel engine operating parameters respectively. In addition, the generator set also has chassis, coupling, radiator and fuel tank, and some are also equipped with muffler and housing.