The new direction of the future power grid has been set!
2022-04-19
Core reading
In the future energy system, the proportion of new energy is higher and higher, and a large number of power electronic equipment are connected, which is not only the challenge faced by the power grid, but also the direction of the power grid.
Recently, the national development and Reform Commission issued the 14th five year plan for modern energy system (hereinafter referred to as the plan), once again setting the tone for the development of power grid. The plan emphasizes taking the power grid as the basic platform to enhance the ability of optimal allocation of power system resources, improve the intelligent level of the power grid, and promote the power grid to actively adapt to the development of large-scale centralized new energy and large-scale distributed energy.
In the view of the industry, in the coming period, the construction of transmission channels with large capacity and high voltage level will serve the development of large base new energy, so as to optimize the distribution network structure and adapt to the access of multiple subjects such as distributed power generation and Microgrid. On the whole, the zoning and hierarchical power grid structure is still the development direction. At the same time, the power grid is gradually changing to a new power system to adapt to the increasing proportion of new energy.
New direction of power grid
In the future energy system, the proportion of new energy is higher and higher, and a large number of power electronic equipment are connected, which is not only the challenge faced by the power grid, but also the direction of the power grid.
Mr. Jin, a researcher of a state-owned energy enterprise in Shanghai, said that according to the functional positioning of the power grid in the plan, on the one hand, the power grid needs to innovate in relevant technologies such as stable control and optimized operation, so as to support the access of a high proportion of new energy and a large number of power electronic equipment; On the other hand, it is necessary for the power grid to give full play to the hub and traction role of the power system, cooperate with electrochemical energy storage, pumped storage and thermal power to form a joint force, and better support the stable operation of the power grid.
"For large-scale centralized new energy, China's resource endowment and load distribution determine that the channel construction of high-capacity and high-voltage transmission network is an important way to support its consumption. It is necessary to further optimize and improve the regional grid structure, promote the development and utilization of flexible resources, strengthen the safety and stability control ability of large power grid, and promote the consumption of centralized new energy." Mr. Wu, an insider of the power grid system, said, "for distributed energy, we should promote its local consumption at different levels and regions. While building and strengthening the distribution network and optimizing the distribution network management mechanism, we should give full play to the value of microgrid and user side energy storage, mobilize the subjective initiative of the main body on the energy consumption side, and promote the self consumption and self balance of distributed new energy."
Mr. Wu further said that in terms of value flow, we should strengthen the effective connection between power grid operation and the market, and further promote the role of power grid configuration platform through the role of the market. For example, in the construction of auxiliary service market and spot market, we should consider the actual needs of power grid operation, strengthen the scientific design of transaction varieties (such as climbing and moment of inertia), and promote the close connection between transaction rules and operation practice.
The transformation process is not achieved overnight
The industry believes that due to the large volume and many stock projects, the power grid transformation is not easy. "In the new power system with the increasing proportion of new energy, the large power grid should still take promoting the safe and stable operation of the power system and ensuring the reliable use of electricity for the development of the national economy as the prerequisite, and then play its value in the low-carbon transformation of energy." Mr Wu said.
Mr. Jin believes that there is a distinction between robust and radical power grid transformation, and there are also differences in path selection.
One way is to maintain the middle note of the centralized scheduling framework for large power grids. Under this framework, the generation side is required to keep up with the traditional power supply. The power grid only needs to actively develop the distribution network to adapt to electric energy substitution and small-scale distributed energy, but it will encounter problems such as reverse power flow, too many equipment and network redundancy in the long term.
Another way is to reconstruct the power grid framework with new energy as the main body in the future. Facing the uncertainty of intermittent energy, the power grid gathers system resources to adapt, shrinks the control authority and allows the balanced entity to optimize its operation. Although it is difficult in the initial stage, the later the transformation cost is lower.
Wu Junhong, deputy director of the power distribution research center of China Energy Research Association, believes that in terms of the connotation of power grid transformation, on the one hand, the physical grid structure of the power grid can adapt to a wider range of resource optimization, on the other hand, the market mechanism can support a wider range of resource optimization.
"The so-called larger scope refers to a wider geographical scope and a wider voltage level of the power system. The former can be realized through the construction of high-voltage or even UHV power grid, while the latter needs to pay attention to the construction capacity of distribution network." Wu Junhong said.
Give full play to the synergy between large power grid and Microgrid
Mr. Wu believes that due to its volatility and intermittence, new energy can only support power growth and changes in power structure, but its contribution to power balance is limited, which will also reduce the safety and stability margin of the system to a certain extent and increase the complexity of power grid regulation and operation. "This is the main challenge that the large power grid should strive to deal with. Therefore, no matter how the power grid is transformed, it needs to have the ability to ensure reliable power supply, flexible resource allocation and efficient connection to market operation."
In Mr. Jin's view, the future power grid should have six essential elements: reasonable abundant capacity, diversified flexible resources, transparent guiding data, active competitive market, intelligent interactive regulation and internalized compound value.
"In the future power grid, we should be able to develop electricity from around and from afar. On the one hand, we should give full play to the resource allocation ability of the large power grid, on the other hand, we should give full play to the synergy between the micro grid and the large power grid." Mr. Kim said.
Wu Junhong believes that it is not only under the existing technical conditions and market mechanism to judge how much new energy the power grid can bear. Power grid enterprises should take the initiative to provide real support for business models conducive to new energy access and consumption, such as source network load storage integration, new energy microgrid and distributed generation transaction.
In the future energy system, the proportion of new energy is higher and higher, and a large number of power electronic equipment are connected, which is not only the challenge faced by the power grid, but also the direction of the power grid.
Recently, the national development and Reform Commission issued the 14th five year plan for modern energy system (hereinafter referred to as the plan), once again setting the tone for the development of power grid. The plan emphasizes taking the power grid as the basic platform to enhance the ability of optimal allocation of power system resources, improve the intelligent level of the power grid, and promote the power grid to actively adapt to the development of large-scale centralized new energy and large-scale distributed energy.
In the view of the industry, in the coming period, the construction of transmission channels with large capacity and high voltage level will serve the development of large base new energy, so as to optimize the distribution network structure and adapt to the access of multiple subjects such as distributed power generation and Microgrid. On the whole, the zoning and hierarchical power grid structure is still the development direction. At the same time, the power grid is gradually changing to a new power system to adapt to the increasing proportion of new energy.
New direction of power grid
In the future energy system, the proportion of new energy is higher and higher, and a large number of power electronic equipment are connected, which is not only the challenge faced by the power grid, but also the direction of the power grid.
Mr. Jin, a researcher of a state-owned energy enterprise in Shanghai, said that according to the functional positioning of the power grid in the plan, on the one hand, the power grid needs to innovate in relevant technologies such as stable control and optimized operation, so as to support the access of a high proportion of new energy and a large number of power electronic equipment; On the other hand, it is necessary for the power grid to give full play to the hub and traction role of the power system, cooperate with electrochemical energy storage, pumped storage and thermal power to form a joint force, and better support the stable operation of the power grid.
"For large-scale centralized new energy, China's resource endowment and load distribution determine that the channel construction of high-capacity and high-voltage transmission network is an important way to support its consumption. It is necessary to further optimize and improve the regional grid structure, promote the development and utilization of flexible resources, strengthen the safety and stability control ability of large power grid, and promote the consumption of centralized new energy." Mr. Wu, an insider of the power grid system, said, "for distributed energy, we should promote its local consumption at different levels and regions. While building and strengthening the distribution network and optimizing the distribution network management mechanism, we should give full play to the value of microgrid and user side energy storage, mobilize the subjective initiative of the main body on the energy consumption side, and promote the self consumption and self balance of distributed new energy."
Mr. Wu further said that in terms of value flow, we should strengthen the effective connection between power grid operation and the market, and further promote the role of power grid configuration platform through the role of the market. For example, in the construction of auxiliary service market and spot market, we should consider the actual needs of power grid operation, strengthen the scientific design of transaction varieties (such as climbing and moment of inertia), and promote the close connection between transaction rules and operation practice.
The transformation process is not achieved overnight
The industry believes that due to the large volume and many stock projects, the power grid transformation is not easy. "In the new power system with the increasing proportion of new energy, the large power grid should still take promoting the safe and stable operation of the power system and ensuring the reliable use of electricity for the development of the national economy as the prerequisite, and then play its value in the low-carbon transformation of energy." Mr Wu said.
Mr. Jin believes that there is a distinction between robust and radical power grid transformation, and there are also differences in path selection.
One way is to maintain the middle note of the centralized scheduling framework for large power grids. Under this framework, the generation side is required to keep up with the traditional power supply. The power grid only needs to actively develop the distribution network to adapt to electric energy substitution and small-scale distributed energy, but it will encounter problems such as reverse power flow, too many equipment and network redundancy in the long term.
Another way is to reconstruct the power grid framework with new energy as the main body in the future. Facing the uncertainty of intermittent energy, the power grid gathers system resources to adapt, shrinks the control authority and allows the balanced entity to optimize its operation. Although it is difficult in the initial stage, the later the transformation cost is lower.
Wu Junhong, deputy director of the power distribution research center of China Energy Research Association, believes that in terms of the connotation of power grid transformation, on the one hand, the physical grid structure of the power grid can adapt to a wider range of resource optimization, on the other hand, the market mechanism can support a wider range of resource optimization.
"The so-called larger scope refers to a wider geographical scope and a wider voltage level of the power system. The former can be realized through the construction of high-voltage or even UHV power grid, while the latter needs to pay attention to the construction capacity of distribution network." Wu Junhong said.
Give full play to the synergy between large power grid and Microgrid
Mr. Wu believes that due to its volatility and intermittence, new energy can only support power growth and changes in power structure, but its contribution to power balance is limited, which will also reduce the safety and stability margin of the system to a certain extent and increase the complexity of power grid regulation and operation. "This is the main challenge that the large power grid should strive to deal with. Therefore, no matter how the power grid is transformed, it needs to have the ability to ensure reliable power supply, flexible resource allocation and efficient connection to market operation."
In Mr. Jin's view, the future power grid should have six essential elements: reasonable abundant capacity, diversified flexible resources, transparent guiding data, active competitive market, intelligent interactive regulation and internalized compound value.
"In the future power grid, we should be able to develop electricity from around and from afar. On the one hand, we should give full play to the resource allocation ability of the large power grid, on the other hand, we should give full play to the synergy between the micro grid and the large power grid." Mr. Kim said.
Wu Junhong believes that it is not only under the existing technical conditions and market mechanism to judge how much new energy the power grid can bear. Power grid enterprises should take the initiative to provide real support for business models conducive to new energy access and consumption, such as source network load storage integration, new energy microgrid and distributed generation transaction.
"The strong grid structure adapted to the consumption of new energy and the smart grid technology adapted to the flexible consumption of new energy are more conducive to the market mechanism of new energy consumption and more open and non discriminatory access to all kinds of new energy. The direction of these new power systems should also be the goal of power grid enterprises." Wu Junhong said.
Source: International Power Grid